金钢板磷化是常用的前处理技术，原理上应属于化学转化膜处理。工程上应用主要是钢铁件表面磷化，但有色金属如铝、锌件也可应用磷化。

The phosphating of steel plate is a kind of commonly used pretreatment technology. Application of the project is mainly on the surface of iron and steel phosphating, but non-ferrous metals such as aluminum, zinc parts can also be applied phosphating.

磷化原理：

Phosphating principle:

工件（钢铁或铝、锌件）浸入磷化液（某些酸式磷酸盐为主的溶液），在表面沉积形成不溶于水的结晶型磷酸盐转化膜的过程，称之为磷化。

The workpiece (steel or aluminum, zinc) into the phosphating solution (some acid phosphate based solution), the surface of the formation of water insoluble crystalline phosphate conversion film.

把金属放入含有锰、铁、锌的磷酸盐溶液中进行化学处理，使金属表面生成一层难溶于水的磷酸盐保护膜的方法，叫做金属的磷酸盐处理。磷化膜层为微孔结构，与基体结合牢固，具有良好的吸附性、润滑性、耐蚀性、不粘附熔融金属（Sn、Al、Zn）性及较高的电绝缘性等。

The process of chemical treatment of a metal into a solution containing manganese, iron and zinc to form a layer of insoluble phosphate protective film on the surface of the metal. The phosphating film is a microporous structure, which is firmly bonded with the substrate, and has good adsorption property, lubricity, corrosion resistance, non adherence to molten metal (Sn, Al, Zn) and high electrical insulation.

磷化分类：

Phosphating classification:

按合金钢板处理温度分：高温型（75-100℃，能耗大，磷化物沉积多，形成的磷化膜厚度达10-30g/㎡）、中温型（50-75℃，处理时间5-15min，磷化膜厚度达1 -8g/㎡）、低温型（30-50℃）和常温型（10-30℃，节省能源，使用方便，除加氧化剂外还加促进剂，能耗小，但溶液配制较复杂，膜厚度达0.2-7g/㎡）。

According to the alloy steel plate processing temperature: high temperature (75-100 DEG C, high energy consumption, multi phosphating film thickness phosphide deposition, the formation of up to 10-30g/ meters) and medium temperature (50-75 DEG C, processing time 5-15min, phosphating film thickness of 1 -8g/ m) and low temperature (30-50 DEG C) and room temperature (10-30 DEG C, save energy, easy to use, in addition to oxidants and accelerant, the energy consumption is small, but the solution is complicated, the membrane thickness of 0.2-7g/ m).

按磷化液成分分：锌系磷化、锌钙系磷化、锌锰系磷化、铁系磷化、锰系磷化和复合磷化等。

According to the composition of the phosphating solution: zinc series phosphating, zinc calcium series phosphating, zinc manganese series phosphating, iron phosphating, manganese phosphating and composite phosphating.

按磷化处理方法分：化学磷化、电化学磷化。

According to the phosphating treatment methods: chemical phosphating, electrochemical phosphating.

按磷化膜质量分：重量级（膜重7.5g/㎡以上）、次重量级（膜重4.6-7.5g/㎡）、轻量级（膜重1.1-4.5g/㎡）和次轻量级（膜重0.2-1g/㎡）。

According to the quality of the phosphating film is divided into: (more than 7.5g/ square meters heavyweight film weight), heavyweight (film 4.6-7.5g/ m), lightweight (film 1.1-4.5g/ m) and lightweight (film 0.2-1g/ m).

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